Traci, OK, these are just my first thoughts and maybe I haven't got the full story right, so feel free to correct me.
Just a thought but maybe he's going through separation anxiety and is actually needing/wanting you to respond sooner than leaving him to settle for the few minutes it usually takes? I know this could definitely make him wake in the night and want to check that you'll come as well. This is just my opinion, but I think you may need to back track completely and work with him where you're not leaving him by himself. Help him settle through whatever means it takes (but preferably in his own bed, not falling asleep elsewhere and then transferring) where he's not left to settle on his own, then do the gradual method of removal, ie less patting, putting down whatever. If it is separation anxiety, the only way to get past it quicker is to actually respond to it and he'll build his trust through this developmental change within himself, once he's got the confidence, he will let you go again.
D's going through this at the moment and where she used to settle perfectly EVERY TIME - in the last week she's fussed at naptime, I've done a pop in kind of method, I settle her down, give her the blankie, say nigh nighs, leave the room, she'll fuss, I return immediately, and repeat over and over. It's only taking me 10-15mins though, but she doesn't get to the point of being worked up, occasionally I'll need to pick her up for a quick cuddle and put back down.
Anyway, take what you want from that, and I'm sure others may not agree, but whatever method you pick, you need to be compeltely consistent - both you and dh.
Daytime hours sleep: 2.5-3hrs
Nighttime hours sleep: 11-12hrs (depending on whether she's spent an hour chatting during the night)
HTH