Welcome to the BW forums!
Don't worry, we can offer you sleep-training solutions that don't involve crying. In the FAQ sections, there are some wonderful explanations about why BW doesn't use controlled crying of any kind. You may wish to read those to help you feel good about your decision not to follow that tecnique anymore!
First off, I think your son is extremely OT. The little to no nap and the EWs are really causing havoc on his sleep. At his age, we try to aim for 11.5 hours of nighttime sleep, and approximately 1.5-2.5 hours of daytime sleep for a total of 13-14 hours of sleep per day. It sounds like at best he's getting 10-11, which means a deficit of 2-3 hours/day. That can make a little guy really stretched!
Second, the vacation probably just messed things up a bit too. Even fabulous sleepers often have trouble getting back into a good sleep routine after a vacation. Just the way it is with LOs!
We can probably trace every single sleep issue you are talking about back to being OT:
*taking a long time to fall asleep (which means lots of dependence on you for wind down)
*waking up early
*napping short or not at all
I'm glad you'll be on maternity leave soon, as that means you can really work on those naps! It is terribly hard when you have to rely on another person to do as you ask with regards to sleep. Plus, some LOs are more sensitive in their interactions with non-parents and so have a hard time sleeping because of that.
I think you are doing an AWESOME job with working on your nighttime situation by using what we call the "Gradual Withdrawal" technique. WTG on that one! You're basically doing what we suggest: you are shortening the time you are at his side, you are giving him a reason for you to leave the room, and you are only returning if there is a genuine cry. I think by getting him some more naptime sleep you'll see him fall asleep a LOT quicker!
I guess my suggestions for right now would be:
1) Continue with your GW technique. Make sure you do not re-enter the room unless he cries. But, if he *does* cry, you will want to respond right away. The controlled crying you've done before may have broken some trust, so we want to build that trust up as much as we can at this point.
2) Let's do some serious work on those naps. That means we may want to offer a very short nap earlier in the morning (like 20 minutes or so) and then try to get a longer nap later in the afternoon. I'm saying this because you've got such a hard cycle of OT going on. Even though your child has been on 1 nap for quite sometime, it often helps to do 2 naps for a very short period (just a matter of days) to help break the cycle. since he is able to take short naps it might be very beneficial to get TWO shorties in -- that will double his daytime sleep and perhaps make bedtime easier! I'd try for the first nap around 4-5 hours after waking, so around 9:30-10. Tell the caregiver to wake after about 20 minutes and then we'll do another nap around 5 hours after that, so around 3. Perhaps you'll have more success trying this strategy on your own, and then by the time he's back at the caregivers, we'll have enough of the OT beat that we can go back to a more reasonable 1 nap time.
3) Let's also move that bedtime forward. I know 7:30 must seem so early when you don't have much time with him, but it's way too late given that he has a 5:30 pm waking. Even with older toddlers who have given up their naps, we recommend having a bedtime that is 12 hours after their waking in the AM. for your DS that would mean 5:30!
I realize that is probably WAY too early, but I would try for 6 and no later than 6:30. You will probably find that your son falls asleep sooner. And, even if he still gets a 4:30-5:30 waking we're looking at an extra 1-2 hours of sleep in the night compare to before! Getting that extra sleep in will improve the chances of him taking a nap.
That is how I'd work the problem! Sleep is a cyclical thing. The bad news about that is that when you start getting disruptions in your nighttime sleep, it often leads to problems in daytime sleep. Before long, you have such a tired kid that sleep is nearly impossible for him to get. However, the good news is that once you get a little improvement in one area (like nighttime sleep), you also get small improvements in the other area (daytime sleep). The result is more hours of sleep, a more rested child, and then an easier time falling and staying asleep!
This *can* be fixed! And doing it now will help you so much once your baby arrives. These boards will be a wonderful resource for your new baby too. BW saved my butt with my son, that's for sure!
Good luck, and I'll be happy to answer any questions you might have!