I went back and forth on pain meds and in the end I decided that sleep - for BOTH of us! - was more important till the cycle was broken. When J's canines were coming thru, she was in AGONY Every. Single. Night. from about 17-19 months - so we medicated at bedtime and again about 2AM when she woke sobbing.....
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Might be worth trying something stronger to get you through the hump; if she's in pain when she wakes, she's going to need comforting at the very least to get her back to sleep, so that's likely the short bit of suckling. Just withholding the breast isn't likely to work if it's you going in; I sent DH in for a few nights so DD didn't smell the milk, so she was more amenable to taking just a binky from him, and when she wasn't hurting any more she'd sleep thru and it became a non-issue.
You kind of have to decide where the line is, I guess, where it's worth trying something stronger for the pain or just nursing to sleep and trying to sleep train once this passes. In our case, once the teething was done, then she got a cold, so it was always something else we had to wait to pass.